Patrick Lin and Fritz Allhoff, “Untangling the Debate: The Ethics of Human Enhancement”, Nanoethics: The Ethics of Technologies that Converge at the Nanoscale 2.3 (2008): 251- 264.

Abstract: Human enhancement, in which nanotechnology is expected to play a major role, continues to be a highly contentious ethical debate, with experts on both sides calling it the single most important issue facing science and society in this brave, new century. This paper is a broad introduction to the symposium herein that explores a range of perspectives related to that debate. We will discuss what human enhancement is and its apparent contrast to therapy; and we will begin to tease apart the myriad intertwined issues that arise in the debate: (1) freedom & autonomy, (2) health & safety, (3) fairness & equity, (4) societal disruption, and (5) human dignity.